Drum and method of making the same



W. CHRISTIAN. DRUM AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

Patntd Sept. 19,1922.

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. W. CHRIST|AN. DRUM AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1921.

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Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

1 .'1"E1-rr OFFICE.

WILLIAM CHRISTIAN, 0F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

DRUM AND METHOD OI MAKING THE SAME.

Application filed September 29, 1921. Serial No. 504,093.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that WILLIAM CHRISTIAN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drums and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a-continuation in part of my application Serial No. 331,379, for drums, filed October 17, 1919, allowed February 17, 1920, and now forfeited, in so far as the present case relates to subject-matter contained in the forfeited application.

The objects of the invention are to provide a drum of greater durability, of better tone, and at reatly less cost than drums now on the mar et, to equip said drum with novel and durably constructed drum heads, and to perfect a simple and improved method of manufacture whereby said drum heads can be economically produced.

In practice, I preferably construct the shell of the drum and the rims of paper which may be made of layers of compressed paper pulp so treated as to be impervious to moisture, I desirably form the heads proper of the drum of linen or other fabric which is treated so as to be impervious to atmospheric conditions, and which, when stretched in position upon the shell of the drum will remain taut 'andretain the tone of the drum, and I refer to arrange bands within the ends of the shell of the drum so that the heads will have a uniform bearing thereon to insure contact so that the vibrations caused by striln'ng the heads will be uniform.

With the above and other objects in view, the drum, its drum head sections, and the method by which said sections are made will now be. fully described and will hereinafter be specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a form upon which the novel drum head can be made;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of said form, showing the inne ring of the double rim of the drum head fitted thereon and material of the drum head proper located in position to be secured to said inner responding with Flg. ing the outer ring 0 the double rim as when Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view,

corresponding with Figs. 2 and 3, showing the outer ring placed in position it occupies about the material and the inner ring;

'Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, perspective vlews of the outer and inner rings of the double rim;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a novel drum head section complete;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevational view, partly in section, of the improved drum complete, showing the manner in which the double rims are applied and fastened down;

.Fig. 9 is a still larger fragmentary sectional view of one-side of the shell of the drum;

Fig. 101 is a fragmentary sectional view through one side of the drum, corresponding with the showing of Fig. 8; and

Figs. 11 and 12 are fragmentary sectional views of one side of a slightly modified form of drum embodying the features of the invention.

In said drawings, 1 denotes the shell of the drum which is preferably constructed of paper that may be formed of sheets of paper suitably treated and wound upon a mandrel to be of desired thickness or made of compressed paper pulp which is commonly used in the production of various articles, it being understood, of course, that when the shell 1 is formed of compressed paper pulp, suitable molds and forms will be used, according to the size of the drum, and that the outer surfaces of the material will be treated to render them impervious to water and not exposed 'to disintegration through atmospheric conditions.

Drum heads made in accordance with the principles of the invention each comprise a piece of any suitable material 2, but preferably linen or other fabric treated so as to be impervious to atmospheric conditions and to have endurance and tone, adapted to be stretched over an end of the drum shell to constitute drum heads proper, and double rims adapted to snugly fit upon the drum shell, each consisting of an inner ring 3 and an outer ring 4 between which the marginal edge of the piece of material 2 is securely fastened. I preferably construct the rings 3 and 4 of paper, which may also be formed by winding strips of paper on a mandrel, or by compressed paper pulp.

The shell 1 is desirably formed at its ends with recesses 5 in each of which is seated a metallic band 6, preferably circular in crosssection, the surfaces of the rings projecting slightly above the edges of the shell 1 so that the drum head material will not contact with the ends of the shell.

It is essential that each double rim at least partially surround a portion of the shell against the end thereof uponiwhich the corresponding drum head is arranged, in order that the double rims can be suitably fastened down by clamps in any ordinary or preferred manner. It is also essential that a circular portion of each piece of drum head material rest firmly against the full circumference of a band 6 or against the full circumference of the corresponding end of the drum shell. As a consequence, the drum heads must be specially constructed. That is to say, the drum head material 2 of each drum head must include a circular portion adapted to fit upon a band 6 or an end of the shell, and a continuous flange adapted to partially surround a portion of the drum shell adjacent the end thereof upon which the particular drum head is fitted, and the marginal edge of the drum head material must be secured between the rings 3 and 4 in such manner that the circular portion is smoothly stretched over said band or end.

I have, therefore, disclosed in Fig. 1 a form upon which the novel drum head can be made, and have suggested in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 the manner in which the steps of the method productive of the drum head are carried out. The form may consist of a hollow cylinder 7 thickened at its midlength, as denoted at 8, to provide a neck 9 at each side of the thickened portion 8 and of a diameter to snugly receive an inner ring 3, and a flat, horizontal surface 10, somewhat greater in width than the ring 3, desirably extending for the full circumference of the hollow cylinder, but one of the necks 9 and surfaces 10 being utilized at a time, as will be clear from Figs. 2, 3 and 4. In practicing the method, I take a ring 3 and fit .it upon the neck 9 so that one of its edges rests upon the surface 10, as in Fig. 2. I then apply to the outer surface 11, or a portion thereof, of the ring 3, a suitable adhesive. I next arrange a piece of drum head mate rial 2 over that end of the neck 9 which is spaced from the thickened portion 8, so that the margin of said piece of material extends outwardly and downwardly, as in Fig. 2. I next take a ring 4, apply glue to'all or a part of its inner surface 12, and pass said ring 4 down over the material 2 until it is in about the position of Fig. 3. I neizt, by use of a knife 13 or its equivalent, trim away 'verted position upon the surplus material 2, as will be evident,

and I finally move the ring 4 to the pos. ion in which shown in Fig. 4, so that oneof its edges is against the surface 10. As will be apparent, the drum headof Fig. 7, having a circular disk portion 14 and a continuous flange 15, is thus produced.

The manner in which the double rims are assembled with the shell will be apparent from Figs. 8 and 10. The end of the double rim which carries the drum head material 2 is fitted upon the shell, the material of the drum head being, in the finished drum, arranged within the double rim and being tightly stretched across the end of the shell, or across the band 6 when the same is utilized.

As shown in Figs. 8 and 10, the double rims may be formed with recesses 17 in which are seated metallic bands 18, similar to the bands 6 which prevent wear upon the double rims when the commonly applied clamps 19 are utilized to hold the several elements of the drum together and to regulate the tone of the drum in usual manner. Obviously the bands 18 can be dispensed with, as suggested in Figs. 11 and 12. In the case of the double rim of Fig. 11, the clamps 19 are fastened directly against the material of the double rim. In Fig. 12 I have disclosed a metallic channel strip 20 which is arranged to overlap the end of the double rim to provide a bearing surface for the clamps.

Instead of utilizing clamps 19, I ma treat the outer surfaces of portions of the shell adjacent its ends with glue, and then force the double rims upon the shell to draw the material of the head proper taut. When the glue has set, the drum head sections will, obviously, be rigidly held in position. It'will, of course, be appreciated that this construction is inti-zuded purely for drums of cheaper manuf cture.

What I claim is:

1. The method of making drums which consists in first fastening the marginal por tion. of drum head material between concentric ring's leaving a surplusage of the material within the perimeter of the rings, 116 and subsequently placing the rings upon a drum shell and sliding them down to remove slack from the material and to stretch the same over an end of the shell.'

2. The method of making drums which 120 consists in first fastening the marginal portion of drum head material between concentric rings leaving a surplusage of the material within the perimeter of the rings, and subsequently placing the rings in in- 125 a drum shell and sliding them down toremove slack from the material and to stretch the same over an end of the shell. 7

3. A drum comprising a shell, a drum 130 head consisting of concentric rings and drum head material having its marginal edge secured between said rings to leave slack or surplus in the material, and means for drawing the concentric rings over the shell to stretch the material and to remove slack or surplus therefrom.

4. In a drum, a shell, and a drum head comprising a piece of drum head material shaped to form a circular disk portion and a continuous flange portion, and a double rim consisting of an inner and an outer ring secured to the margins of the inner and outer faces, respectively, of the continuous flange portions, said circular portion arranged over an end of said shell, said continuous flange portion lying adjacent the Wall of said shell, and said double rim situated upon said shell.

Signed at Bridgeport, in the county ,of Fairfield, and State of Connecticut, this 28 day of September, A. D. 1921.

WILLIAM CHRISTIAN. 

